Radiography welding inspection is a nondestructive examination method that uses invisible X-ray or Gamma radiation to examine the interior of materials. It gives a permanent film record of defects that is relatively easy to interpret. It is a positive method for detecting porosity, inclusions, cracks, and voids in the interior of castings, welds, other structures. X-ray generated by electron bombardment of tungsten, and gamma rays emitted by radioactive elements are penetrating radiation whose intensity is modified by passage through a material. The amount of energy absorbed by a material depends on its thickness and density. Energy not absorbed by the material will cause exposure of the radiographic film. Those areas will be dark when the film is developed. Areas of material where the thickness has been changed by discontinuities, such as porosity or cracks, will appear as dark outlines on the film. All discontinuities are detected by viewing shape and variations in the density of the processed film.
During design of shielding, tungsten alloy radiation shielding is calculated according to requirements of shield to abate the multiple shielding materials' thickness.
Formula: K=e0.693 d / △1/2
K: Shield weakened multiple
△ 1/2: The tungsten alloy radiation shielding material of the half-value layer values
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